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Purpose: Large part of the population suffers of some kind of refractive errors. It is supposed that their prevalence could change with the development of the society. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of refractive errors using calculations based on the Gullstrand schematic eye. Methods: We used Gullstrand schematic eye to calculate refraction retrospectively. Refraction was pr...

Purpose: functioal and anatomical results afer combinationof intravitreal dexamethasone implant with anti-VGF bevacizumab in macular edema secondary to retinal ein occlusion. Methods: Retrospectie analysis of 50 patints, average age 72 years, 15 men and 35 women. Inclusion criteria for treatment were retinalvein occlusion, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) more than 20/200 and macular edema more...

Authors present ophthalmological findings in male patient, which was examined because of total bilateral congenital cataract at the age of 4, 5 months. Patient was registered by a neurologist because of central hypotonia and mental retardation. Complex examination suspected Lowe syndrome. Diagnosis of Lowe syndrome was established by metabolic examination and genetic tests. By genetic examination ...

Authors present ocular findings in the patient send to Pediatric Ophthalmology department Childrens Univerity Hospital in Bratislava at the age of 3 years with congenital glaucoma on her right eye and high myopia bilateral. In family history short stature, myopia, facial dysmorfism and cataract occured. Mother of our patient suffered of myopia, her brother underwent surgery because of cataract, gr...

Purpose: To analyze refractive results after cataract surgery in relation to used type of monofocal intraocular lens, calculation formula, to age, gender and laterality. Settings: Department of Ophthalmology, Comenius University and University hospital in Bratislava, Slovakia Methods: We analyzed 173 eyes (118 patients) after uneventful cataract surgery. We calculated prediction error (PE) and mea...

Purpose: The problem of optic disc drusen (ODD) has been described in detail in several publications. However, less attention has been devoted to real haemodynamic parameters (HP) in ODD. It has been clinically demonstrated that the occurrence and progression of changes in the visual field in ODD are closely linked with the haemodynamics of the vascular supply of the eye – the optic nerve. ODD may...

This case report describes a case of endogenous endophthalmitis in a 58 year old man upon a background of urosepsis and bronchitis. The patient was hospitalised at a department of internal medicine in another hospital. The day after admittance he was sent to our clinic for a consultation examination due to worsening of vision and pain in the left eye. The condition was diagnosed as endogenous endo...

The aim of this review, as well as the case report, is to become familiar with the syndrome, although it is not very common, but may still be encountered by an ophthalmologist during clinical practice. It is also interesting to point out how the clinical unit can be independent and unchangeable in medicine and, on the other hand, in the context of the reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndr...

The most common cause of visual field loss in ophthalmology is glaucoma. Other causes of visual field damage include local damage to the eye itself in intrabulbar or retrobulbar neuritis or injuries. However, they can also be caused by general diseases, e.g. in endocrine orbitopathy, toxic and nutritional neuropathy, or in diseases that are localized intracranially. Each of these findings in itsel...

Aims: To analyse the changes in endothelial cell density (ECD) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and to identify the factors implicated.  Patients and Methods: This was a prospective, consecutive, and non-randomised, case-control study. All 23-gauge vitrectomies were performed by a single surgeon at a tertiary centre. ECD was measured at baseline before surgery and on postoperative Days 30, 90, an...

Aim: Sclerochoroidal calcifications (SCHC) are an uncommon benign ocular condition that occurs in elderly patients. SCHC usually manifest as multiple placoid yellow lesions in the midperipheral fundus, most often in the upper temporal quadrant. They are asymptomatic and often discovered during routine eye examinations in a patient with good visual acuity and visual field. According to the etiology...

Introduction: Ozurdex® (Allergan Pharmaceuticals, Castlebar Road, Westport, Ireland) is an intravitreal implant containing 0.7 mg dexamethasone. It is indicated in adult patients for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, cystoid macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion, and in patients with non-infectious uveitis. Common complications after Ozurdex® administration include an increase...

Aims: To analyze changes in surgically induced corneal astigmatism and artificial intraocular lens (IOL) stability over time following cataract surgery. To compare the interchangeability of measurements between an automatic keratorefractometer (AKRM) and a biometer. Material and methods: In this prospective observational study, the above-mentioned parameters were collected from 25 eyes (25 subject...

Aim: Prolactinoma is a pituitary adenoma that secretes prolactin. Approximately 40% of all pituitary adenomas are prolactinomas. According to size, they are divided into micro, macro and giant prolactinomas. In women, prolactinomas cause irregularities of the menstrual cycle such as amenorrhea, galactorrhea, weight gain, in both sexes they cause sterility, hypogonadism, decreased libido and depres...

Aim: Torpedo maculopathy (TM) is an incidental, congenital retinal lesion. The typical clinical finding is a unilateral, symmetric, oval, hypopigmented lesion in the inferotemporal macula. In most cases, the lesion is along the horizontal raphe, is torpedo-shaped, and the nasal edge is directed into the foveola. The diagnosis is determined on the basis of its characteristic shape, localization and...