Every eye surgery has its pitfalls and possible complications. Even after properly and noncomplicated orbital or intraocular surgery there can develop a loss of visual acuity or visual field. In the perioperative period was on the operated eye for epimacular membrane (23G pars plana vitrectomy) retinal arterial occlusion with fatal consequences for visual function. Entrance visual acuity decreased from 20/63 to counting fingers. Risk factors for age-related and underlying diseases were accompanied by systemic hypotension and mild anemia. Commonly available topical and general therapy did not lead to any significant improvement.